Soon, as every year, the period of time that you have to present the income statement will open. But if it's the first time you've done it, or you've been doing it for a while and you don't understand why they force you to file it, what if we start knowing what the income statement is?
We have compiled the main doubts that people usually have about this procedure that brings many to their heads. Want to know more about her? Pay attention to this little guide.
What is the income statement
We can define the income statement, also known as IRPF (they are the acronym for Personal Income Tax), a mandatory annual procedure for most Spaniards.
In reality, it is a procedure by which the situation with the Tax Agency is regularized.
In other words, it is a tax that can be paid or returned. That is, to pay if you have outstanding accounts with the Treasury because you have been underpaid; or to return, if you have paid more.
To do this, all income that has been received throughout the year is taken into account, as well as all deductible expenses. In this way, with the formula that is established, you can get a positive or negative figure. If it is positive, it means that you have to pay that amount. And if it is negative, that the Treasury (or the Tax Agency) pays you.
Officially, the model that must be presented is the D-100 and it is always presented annually, from April to June. It is related not to the current year, but to the previous one. For example, if we are in 2023, the income statement that will be presented this year is the one corresponding to 2022 (all year, from January to December).
Who has to make the income statement?
Before we have told you that it is a mandatory procedure. However, although you may think that every natural person has to do it, there are actually exceptions.
If you meet the following requirements, you will have to submit it on a mandatory basis:
- You have earned more than 22.000 euros per year (if only one payer has paid you), or more than 14.000 in the case of two or more payers (if the second payer has paid you more than 1500 euros per year).
- You have income from exclusively real estate income, capital gains (with or without withholding), as long as they exceed 1.000 euros per year.
- You are the owner of economic activities (whether agricultural and/or livestock) if the full income with those of work and capital, and capital gains, exceed 1.000 euros.
- You have property losses of at least 500 euros.
- You are the owner of leased properties and exceed 1.000 euros.
Does that mean that if I do not meet any of those requirements I am not obligated? Yes and no. For example, if you have the minimum vital income, although that amount is exempt from personal income tax, there is an obligation to present it.
Also voluntarily, you can present it even if you do not meet the requirements.
What is the deadline to submit the income statement
Source: Vivus
Each year the term opens between the month of April and May and remains open until June. Specifically, until June 30. The Tax Agency itself recommends that it be delivered as soon as possible, especially if it is to be paid since it has a deadline. When it is you who must pay the Treasury, and the payment is also going to be domiciled, it must be submitted before June 27. If it goes out to return, yes, you can have a term until the 30th.
Even so, we do recommend you present it as soon as possible for a simple reason: it is charged beforehand in case it goes out to return. And it is that the term for the return runs earlier and you are also one of the first positions to receive the money.
How long does the Treasury have to return the rent
Once the declaration is finished, a new term comes into play, in this case for the Tax Agency.
During the following six months, the Treasury will review and practice the return of those statements that are correct.
In other words, if the term ends on June 30, you can return until December 30.
And if he does not return it on that date?
Two things can happen here:
- One, that as of December 30 they have not returned anything to you yet. If that happens, then you can claim, but normally, even if it takes time, you will receive it, in addition to the amount, with an estimate of the surcharge for being late.
- Two, that before the term expires they send you a notification requesting more information about the income statement. In other words, you have an inspection. In this case, the period of time that this inspection takes “freezes” the time that the Treasury has to return money.
To make it easier for you to understand. If there is a month left to finish the period in which they must return and you receive an inspection, when it is over (which can take 1-2 months), the Treasury will again have a month to return the money (as long as the inspection has made it clear that he has to return (and not pay you).
How the income statement is made
You have four ways to make the income statement. However, you should know that, in most cases, the Tax Agency sends you a proposal called a draft of the income in which it makes an estimate of the declaration based on the data it has on the income and withholdings that you have had.
If they do not send it to you, you can request it, either online, by phone, at the Tax Agency itself or on Renta Web.
If you accept it, you simply have to confirm it and present it officially (for this you will be asked for an electronic certificate, electronic DNI, Cl@ve PIN or reference number (refers to the number of box 505 of the previous year's declaration)).
Now, to make the income statement (it is something that we recommend, not to accept the draft without further ado), you can:
Do it through the electronic headquarters
To do this, you must have an electronic certificate, electronic DNI or Cl@ve PIN. Also with the reference number.
This will give you a document that you will fill in (many boxes will already be filled in) to see what the final result is.
Call Us
For example, call 901 200 345 or 915 356 813. In this case, as it is by telephone, it is a bit more difficult for them to answer you (because the lines are usually saturated). But if you succeed, you will simply have to see if the draft is correct or if it needs to be modified.
Have your ID and reference number (box 505) handy.
Going to the Tax Agency
Of course, you will need to have an appointment in advance, so if you already know that you are going to do it this way, we recommend that you request it as soon as possible for May and thus make sure that the deadline for the declaration has been opened and that you are going to have an appointment. , because at that time they fly.
Bring all the necessary documentation to do it as well as your ID or NIF.
In the bank
Well yes, you can also go to your bank and file the statement, or request that a tax advisor from the bank (or external) do it and file it for you.
Do you have more questions about what the income statement is and what it is for?